The College of Medicinal and Industrial Plants at Kirkuk University organized a lecture entitled "Desertification: Its Causes and Effects on the Environment," with the participation of the dean, faculty members, and students.The lecture, delivered by Dr. Lazkin Haider Fakhr Al-Din, focused on the causes of desertification, such as climate change, low rainfall, and poor management of natural resources, and their negative effects on soil, vegetation cover, and biodiversity.